This paper aims to study the capital insufficiency in various Tunisian banks which are on the list of the Tunisian stock exchange market. Basing our work on the various measures of systemic risk, we have modeled the shortfall capital of the Tunisian banking sector in order to compare private banks and public ones in terms of exposure to systemic risk. We have also studied the effect of stock market shocks on the banks' marginal expected shortfall. The results obtained show that the systemic risk for the period 2006 and 2013 is mainly conveyed by the three public banks.

The research aims to determine the influence of Islamic work ethics (Efficiency and proficiency, the feeling of duty, and Honesty, in organizational commitment) on private educational universities in Bahrain. Tocollect data, a questionnaire is developed. A total of 213 members of Bahrain's private academic universities participated. A cross-sectional survey was designed to assess the Islamic work ethics and employees’ organizational commitment on the developed private educational universities in Bahrain.A total of 213 members of Bahrain's private educational universities participated were randomly study employed a stratified random sampling SPSS 25, and Smartpls3 processed the gathered data. participants were included in the survey, which was fairly enough to conduct this study. EP->OC, with a level of significance of 0.01 (P<0.05, β= . 360, t= 5.347, p=.000) Meanwhile, predictors of respondents supported Hon -> OC at the significance level of 0.01 (P<0.05, β= . 348, t= 5.202p=.000). the last hypothesis demonstrates connections between SR ->OC with a level of significance of 0.01 (P<0.05,β= .199, t= 3.600, p=.000). while f^2=20 percent is regarded an exceptionaleffect size and R^263% considered a good fit to data. All of the above-mentioned relationshipswere investigated using the SmartPLS3 bootstrapping procedureConclusions: Based on the findings, recommendations are made to raise the degree of organizational commitment by enhancing the role of Bahrain private educational universities ethics

This study investigates the impacts and influences of remote working on employees during the coronavirus pandemic, in terms of communication, job effectiveness, and employee engagement and productivity. Data were collected from participants from different sectors and industries in three regions in Saudi Arabia. The study’s findings revealed that remote working significantly impacted communication, job effectiveness, and employee productivity. However, the impacts of remote working on employee engagement were insignificant which could be a result of neglecting activities that encourage employee engagement by the organization because of the nature of working remotely. This research presents two contributions. First, this article enhances the literature on remote working and employees during crises or pandemics. Second, it reveals that remote working could be applied to run daily operations when implementing the appropriate strategies and infrastructure.